US and allies monitors sanctions on North Korea
US and allies monitors sanctions on North Korea
2024-10-25
The United States and its allies are pressing ahead with efforts to enforce United Nations sanctions on North Korea, despite what they describe as a lack of cooperation from Russia and China. Voice of America’s Bill Gallo joined a Canadian military flight on the frontlines of those efforts, and reports from the East China Sea.
The Canadian Air Force is patrolling the waters off China’s coast, a hotspot for sanctions evasion. This is where ships move oil to North Korea, defying UN Security Council resolutions. This Canadian crew is part of a broader sanctions-enforcement effort by the US and 10 of its allies. Major Doug Publicover is the commander of the Canadian crew.
Doug Publicover
Royal Canadian Air Force
Prevent some of the illegal ship-to-ship transfers which bring petroleum products into North Korea.
When a suspicious ship is spotted, the crew flies low, gathering evidence that could lead to ships being de-flagged or seized. It’s the kind of quiet operation that’s been happening for years.
Bill Gallo
VOA News
Most of the time, flights like this one occur without attracting big headlines. One country that is definitely noticing, though, is China.
Soon after the mission begins, Chinese fighter jets appear, shadowing us for hours. These may be international waters, but we’re in China’s backyard. It is a backyard US officials say is not adequately monitored, allowing North Korea to exceed its UN-mandated energy caps every year. China insists it is enforcing the sanctions, but also says they should be lifted. Russia, too, has grown closer to North Korea, restoring a mutual defense agreement and vetoing the renewal of a UN panel that monitored sanctions enforcement on Pyongyang. The US and its allies announced a new body to replace the panel, but it won’t have UN support, raising questions about its effectiveness.
Peter Ward
Research Fellow, Sejong Institute
There is no way that the US and its allies on their own could enforce UN sanctions so long as China and Russia are not willing to go along with such a process. But nonetheless, it can be a very useful mechanism by which to name and shame.
Doing that relies on these flights, which gather information that governments can then use to impose more sanctions. How well it can work without help from China and Russia is another question. But for now, the US and its allies are trying to uphold these UN sanctions alone.
Bill Gallo. VOA News. Over the East China Sea.
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美國領導多國 盡力維護聯合國對北韓實施的石油制裁
2024-10-25
美國及其盟友試圖用自己的力量支持著聯合國對北韓的制裁，不過，在沒有中國和俄羅斯的幫助下，這個方法的有效性，還有待觀察。來看美國之音記者，從東海帶回來的報導。
加拿大飛機在中國海岸附近的國際水域巡邏，機組人員表示，這裡是試圖規避聯合國制裁的熱點，船隻涉嫌向北韓轉運石油。這支由少校Doug Publicover擔任指揮官的加拿大隊伍，正在執行由美國領導的多國聯合行動，實施聯合國禁止石油進入北韓的制裁。
[[加拿大海軍 Doug Publicover]]
“防止一些非法的船隻，透過轉運的方式，將石油帶進北韓”
當他們發現一艘可疑船隻時，機組人員迅速降低飛行高度，從多個角度拍照取證。這樣低調的任務，已經持續了許多年。
[[美國之音 Bill Gallo]]
“這樣的巡邏方式，多半不會引起媒體的關注。不過，確實有一個國家在關注這種情況，那就是中國”
任務開始不久，中國的戰機出現了，跟著飛行了數個小時。這裡是國際水域，但也是中國的後院，美國官員表示，說個區域並未被充分監控，使北韓仍能獲得能源進口，且經常超過聯合國的限制。中國堅稱自己遵守著聯合國對北韓的制裁，但也說應該解除制裁。俄羅斯也與北韓建立了更緊密地聯繫，恢復了互防協議，反對繼續由一個聯合國小組，監督對平壤的制裁執行。美國及其盟友宣布了一個新的機構來取代該小組，但因為沒有聯合國在背後撐腰，有專家質疑這種方法的有效性。
[[首爾世宗研究所的研究員 Peter Ward]]
“沒有中國和俄羅斯的幫助，美國及其盟友不可能單獨執行聯合國的制裁。但是，這仍然可以作為一種有用的工具，透過“揭露和譴責” ，給違規者施加壓力。
透過相關的行動，可以獲得更多與制裁相關的資訊。目前，美國及其盟友試圖用自己的力量支持著聯合國的制裁，不過，在沒有中國和俄羅斯的幫助下，這個方法的有效性，還有待觀察。
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